Tag: Dr Mark Horowitz

  • My head hurts #9: A Year of Antidepressant Withdrawal

    As I sit down this Thursday morning, it’s a year and four days since I stopped taking Amitriptyline. Up to that point, I’d taken varying amounts every day for the past 25 years. It’s impossible to know while you’re taking an antidepressant how well you’d feel without it. Through the good days and the bad, at every waking moment, it’s there affecting you; maybe subtly, maybe not. 

    I’ve begun to wonder how much of my personality over those years was the drug and how much was me? Was I a little Amitriptyline, half Amitriptyline, or more than half? Was I the drug or was the drug me? Would I have still been me without the Amitriptyline? It’s an unsettling thought.

    I can’t remember the number of times that I’ve put pencil to paper since writing my last MHH blog post, some three and a half months ago. I don’t find writing comes naturally. One of the few good teachers at my school, Mr Palmer, did his best to encourage us, with promises that the more we read, the easier the words would flow. Well, Barry, do you mind if I call you Barry? I can honestly say that I’ve kept my side of the bargain. This year, I’ve enjoyed everything from Steig Larsson to John Steinbeck, by way of a very disturbing time with Aldous Huxley, but their extraordinary talent is yet to rub off. However, you did foster in me a love of reading, and maybe that was the point all along. It’s too easy to focus on the destination, when there’s so much pleasure to be gained from the journey. Anyway, we’ve got off the subject; this blog isn’t about writing.

    The Year Without Amitriptyline

    I expected it to be tough, but thankfully, I hadn’t realised quite how unpleasant it would be. The withdrawal has changed over the past year. At the beginning, there were a host of symptoms, so many it would be easier to count the parts of me not affected – I made a bit of a list in My Head Hurts #4.

    On reflection, it should have been obvious quite how significantly antidepressants affect brain chemistry; after all, that is what they’re designed to do. The brain is the most complicated organism we’re aware of. One article I read suggested that the human brain is beyond human understanding, which ironically is difficult to get your head around.

    In another life, I’d have found it a fascinating subject to study. It also makes me understand why researchers studying psychedelics are so tempted to try them; there’s nothing like experiencing the effect of your work from the inside.

    “What if some of these effects aren’t withdrawal from Amitriptyline, but side-effects from the Fluoxetine?’

    A Change in Withdrawal Symptoms

    My withdrawal symptoms are now less varied. I still have mild flu symptoms and the same histamine response, but both are less severe than they were. What has changed and become far more difficult to deal with is the nerve pain. When I first started tapering Amitriptyline (and taking Fluoxetine – more of that later), in November 2024, the first symptoms were pins and needles in my feet.

    At the time it wasn’t much more than an annoyance; the weather was cold, and I assumed it was just one of the many pleasures of getting older! It didn’t take long for the pins and needles to become numbness, and then an ache. At some point, the ache turned into pain that extended to my hands, arms and then my shoulders, where it’s settled ever since. When it’s bad, it’s really bad; my legs feel as though they’re immersed in a bath of scalding water from which there is no escape.

    The Fluoxetine Question

    All science students are taught to avoid changing two independent variables at the same time; otherwise, it’s impossible to tell which is causing the effect. Of course, a living, breathing patient is not a science experiment, so when I started tapering down the Amitriptyline, my GP prescribed a replacement dose of Fluoxetine (Prozac). It’s the accepted practice, although I’m unconvinced it benefits the patient long term.

    This has left me with a question nagging away at the back of my well-medicated brain: What if some of these effects aren’t withdrawal from Amitriptyline, but side-effects from the Fluoxetine?’ In which case, no matter how long I wait, how many vegetables I eat each, and how many walks I go on, they’re unlikely ever to fade! So, how long is too long?

    As I now understand, doctors are concerned that taking a patient off one antidepressant without a replacement ‘could’ cause a recurrence of the original symptoms. But I experienced my original symptoms over twenty years ago. It is now accepted that fewer people suffer from serious life-long anxiety or depression than once thought – some do, of course – but for most of us, these are reactions to specific life events. In hindsight, I have a fairly good idea what those events were, if anyone had had the time to investigate.

    Researcher Dr Mark Horowitz explains this really well in one of his excellent Q&A videos. This isn’t the specific video I was looking for, however, 43:30 onwards covers similar ground. I’ll update this if I find the clip I had in mind.

    So What Now?

    For the time being, I’m going to stick with the plan. The professional advice says that the brain can often take longer than a year to recalibrate to the lack of an antidepressant, especially for someone who had been on the drug as long as I had. I could address my nagging question by tapering the Fluoxetine, but my gut feeling says now isn’t the right time.

    As I’ve said before, I always feel some obligation to provide a glimmer of hope to anyone who’s on the same path. But as I look through this post, I have to admit it’s in short supply. All I can say is, hang on to the thought that it will get better, one day. 

    Take care, N.

    Further Help

    If you need to talk to someone and you’re in the UK or the Republic of Ireland, The Samaritans are there for you. If you’re outside of the UK, at a look at Befrienders Worldwide. Be kind to yourself.

    Dr Mark Horowitz’s website offers the most practical, professional advice I’ve found online. The academic papers are impenetrable to the nonprofessional. But he has useful links to newspaper articles which explain things in layman’s terms. The UK mental health charity, Mind, is also a good resource.

  • My Head Hurts: Reducing Antidepressants


    It’s important to say, I’m not a Doctor. The following is my personal experience. Please speak to your GP before you make any changes to your medication.

    My head hurts. I’m trying not to look at the clock. It’s still dark; early June in the UK, so maybe 3-4 am? The next thing that comes into my mind are the drugs. In the last six months, I’ve probably spent more time thinking about the drugs than anything else. I’ve become something of an internet expert on the subject.

    This tends to be the pattern: for a couple of weeks after reducing my medication, most mornings I wake with a headache, then usually I can’t get back to sleep. I’ve always needed my eight hours, so the cumulative effect of getting only four or five, is beginning to tell. My social life has diminished to almost nothing. Up to this weekend, I’d met one friend this year. There’s an irony, that withdrawing from the drug you take for depression restricts your life to such a degree it’s difficult not to feel depressed.

    How I got here

    Late last year, I went to see my GP. My long-term IBS and the resulting constipation has been getting worse. The leaflet that comes with medication (the one you usually throw away) is titled ‘Information for the user.’ Information for Amitriptyline ‘users’, is 4,000 words in very small type. In the long list under ‘Possible side effects’ it says, can cause “Bad constipation, a swollen stomach, fever, and vomiting in 1 in 1,000 people”. I’m pleased to say, I wasn’t vomiting, but the connection seemed worth checking out.

    “In hindsight, the prospect of a little constipation seemed quite pleasant!”

    On Monday morning, I went to see the pharmacist. I explained I’d barely slept for two nights and couldn’t settle. Apparently, the guidance says stopping Amitriptyline, without tapering, should be fine. The pharmacist suggested taking half a dose for a week and trying again.

    A week later, the headaches were back with a vengeance, and I still wasn’t sleeping. I decided to go back to the original dose. My head made it clear it didn’t like me messing about—I had a huge panic attack, and the side effects seemed to get worse. In hindsight, the prospect of a little constipation seemed quite pleasant!

    Back at the surgery, I saw the GP, not the Registrar. She didn’t like me taking the two drugs together, but wasn’t sure what to recommend. She gave me another prescription for Amitriptyline and referred me to a psychiatric consultant. Which I’m grateful for, it seems to be the only option available, but I’m never going to get to see a psychiatrist. The waiting list is huge and, to be honest, I’d be wasting their time.

    This is a textbook case of how recent underfunding of the NHS will cost us all more in the long run. A recent report by the Royal College of Psychiatrists said that there are 1.6 million people on mental health waiting lists in the UK. They went on to say:

    “Mental illnesses can be treated effectively, particularly when they are identified early, but delays to care put people at risk of developing a more complex illness which can harm their long-term health and prevent them from being productive. Worryingly, the number of people waiting for mental-health care has risen by 29% over the last two years, with some waiting for two years or more”.

    I am far from an urgent case, and I’m lucky to work from home; there are many mental health implications of long-term home working, but that’s another post. Many days over the past few months, I would have been unable to commute to an office. Enough, that, I’m sure, it would have jeopardised my employment. At that point, I stop paying into the system and start needing to take out.

    So What Next?

    Taking both drugs together was just about tolerable. But I knew I couldn’t continue taking the Amitriptyline long-term, especially mixed with Fluoxetine, which I’d now been taking for a few months. I imagined my neurons, settling in with the new cocktail, one I was going to have to disturb soon.

    Dr Mark Horowitz, who wrote the book on antidepressant withdrawal, says that antidepressants should be reduced by 10% of the previous dose. So, my 25 mg would be 22.5 mg, then 20.5 mg, etc. You can see the problem: drugs aren’t available in infinitely smaller doses. I turn to the web and buy some milligram scales. For a law-abiding middle-aged man, even this online shopping seemed like a risky act. I imagine the Drug Squad kicking my door down at any moment (they didn’t, btw).

    I knew the Amitriptyline needed to go, but we’d rubbed along OK, longer than many marriages. It was the Fluoxetine that was spoiling the party. Fluoxetine also comes in handy capsules. Opening those seemed less Breaking Bad, than crushing Amitriptyline tablets with the back of a spoon!

    However, out came the spoon and the aluminium foil and over a period of a few weeks, I reduced the Fluoxetine from 40 to 30 mg. But I couldn’t ignore my ever-decreasing stash of Amitriptyline; would the GP give me another script? Trust me, it’s a great question to ponder at 4 am.

    Facing Reality

    The NHS wasn’t going to come charging over the hill to save me any time soon; I needed to bite the bullet. One reality of getting older is the realisation that you have to take responsibility for your own health. You may have a loving partner to help, but it’s your responsibility. So, I’ve slowly been reducing the Amitriptyline. My head is far from happy about it and doesn’t let me forget it. I recently dropped to 6 mg (still with 30 mg of Fluoxetine). I have enough Amitriptyline to give me two weeks between reductions. Not ideal, but at the moment manageable.

    I like to think, once I’m completely off of Amitriptyline and my head has had some time to settle, I’ll reduce the Fluoxetine. I’ve been on antidepressants for so long, I don’t know the real extent of my depression. But for the moment, going from two drugs to one is the priority. I’ll let you know how that goes!

    Next post: My Head Hurts #2: Antidepressant withdrawal update

    Professional Advice

    As I mentioned, Dr. Mark Horowitz offers the most practical, professional advice I’ve found online. The academic papers are impenetrable, to me at least, but he has useful links to newspaper articles. The UK mental health charity, Mind, also has some good advice.

    Take care out there. N.